Trans Pacific Partnership Intellectual Property...

My research question is how does the newly-released Trans-Pacific Partnership’s Intellectual Property provisions affect the privacy of the internet. For those who do not know what the Trans-Pacific Partnership is, tppinfo.org defines it as â€Å"a free trade agreement currently being negotiated by nine countries: The United States, Australia, Brunei Darussalam, Chile, Malaysia, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore, and Vietnam. [1] While my question focuses the intellectual property portions of the Trans-Pacific Partnership (henceforth TPP), it is good to understand what many believe are the pros and cons of the agreement as a whole. Proponents of the TPP believe the deal will boost exports and economic growth, remove trade tariffs on imports and†¦show more content†¦While it is vital to understand the TPP from a larger perspective, it is equally important to understand what exactly an ‘intellectual property’ is. According to wipo.int (which stands for World Int ellectual Property Organization), â€Å"intellectual property (IP) refers to creations of the mind, such as inventions, literary and artistic works; designs; and symbols, names and images used in commerce.† (World Intellectual Property Organization, â€Å"What is Intellectual Property?†) Some examples of intellectual properties are slogans, such as McDonald’s â€Å"I’m lovin’ it†, or are rights to movies and/or books such as Star Wars. Owning the intellectual property rights to something such as Star Wars means that only the owner is allowed to make the movies or books, or even create new material. Knowing now what an intellectual property is, it is appropriate to understand the definition of the TPP as it relates to IP. The Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) defines the TPP as â€Å"a secretive, multinational trade agreement that threatens to extend restrictive intellectual property laws across the globe and rewrite international rules o n its enforcement.† (Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement, Electronic Frontier Foundation) Throughout the rest of this essay I will try to explain this definition using research that I did and why I believe that the internet and intellectual properties be minimally regulated at all costs. Many proponents of an open and free internet are against

Conformity And Normative Social Psychology - 1538 Words

Social Psychology has always been a key element in our understanding of human behaviour. Conformity plays a big part in the history of social psychology; conformity (also known as Majority Influence) is a type of social influence that involves a person changing their thoughts and beliefs in order to fit into a group. An example of this is during WW2, in which Hitler used his dominating opinions and authority to influence the Nazis and obscure their views, which lead them to conform to the horrendous orders that were given during the war. Therefore social psychology can help us understand how a certain phrase, appearance, status, or opinion can influence different behaviours in different cultures. However, certain cultures are more susceptible to conform. This links to the idea of Gerard’s (1955) development of social theory, normative social influence, this consists of the desire to ‘fit in’ and obtain social approval, which results in avoiding punishment, exclusi on and ridicule. Two important studies that have been conducted by Asch and Milgram are great examples of how conformity and normative social influence can affect people’s behaviours. Asch (1956) conducted a line judgment task in response to Sherif’s (1937) ‘Auto-kinetic effect’. The aim of his experiment was to show that people conform to group norms when put in an ambiguous situation. From this study Sherif concluded that when in an ambiguous situation people look to others for help and guidance, this isShow MoreRelatedEssay on Conformity and Political Control1353 Words   |  6 Pagesto others. Although there are many explicit forms of conformity, there are also implicit forms of conformity that affect the attitudes and behavior of people on a subconscious level. The major problem with the modern bi-partisan political system is that it is fundamentally built on the idea that people will conform to others that are associated with them socially. Chartrand and Bargh completed one of the more famous experiments on conformity in 1999 where they were able to illustrate that peopleRead MoreAnalysis of Conformity and Group Influence in Twelve Angry Men912 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of Conformity and Group Influence in Twelve Angry Men Introduction The film â€Å"Twelve Angry Men† directed by Sidney Lumet illustrates many social psychological principles. The tense, gripping storyline that takes place in the 1950s features a group of jurors who must decide unanimously whether a young man is guilty or innocent in the murder of his father. At the beginning, eleven of the twelve jurors voted guilty. Gradually, through some heated discussion, the jurors are swayed to a not-guiltyRead MoreEssay on Human Behaviour and Social Norms1593 Words   |  7 PagesRunning head: HUMAN BEHAVIOUR AND SOCIAL NORMS Do social norms influence human behaviour? Human behaviour is the response to given stimuli, which are socially and environmentally affected. 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Each of these processes are undertaken du e to different psychological pressuresRead MoreConformity Is The Most Popular Form Of Conformity909 Words   |  4 Pageswho matter don t mind.† Through this quote, the foundation of conformity is uprooted from its murky hovel and is disputed with. Despite, though, how many people preach these words, they still succumb to the mind numbing effects without even realizing it, because they are not fully aware of the causes of this topic. That is why one needs to understand the causes of conformity before preventing the effects. The three causes of conformity include: changing how one acts to avoid the rejection of theirRead MoreWhy Is Psychology Useful?1541 Words   |  7 Pages Why Is Psychology Useful: In its primary form, psychology studies humans- who and what they are and what they are. Psychology looks into why people act and think a certain way and how someone can improve themselves. 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However, when looking at the theories and ideas in political psychology, the election of Republican nominee Donald Trump over Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton is not entirely shocking. Cognitive dissonance theory, schemas and heuristics, and social influence, specifically conformity, can all help to explain why Donald Trump is America’s new president-elect. Cognitive dissonance is defined as â€Å"when people encounter anRead MoreBehavior and Relationship Observation847 Words   |  3 PagesBehavior observation Conformity is a general concept that refers to changing ones behavior which is caused by another person or group.in other words it results to someone acting in some way due to the influence they got from others (Kenrick, Neuberg, Cialdini, 2007). For the purpose of this paper, I have made the assumption that the people I am observing are a couple taking into account the preformed ideas of how couples do behave. I have also made an assumption that that they are in a loveRead MoreConformity And Its Effect On Society Essay1436 Words   |  6 Pagesfrom home for the first time, take on many obstacles. Along with the difficulties of balancing academics, self care and missing home, students face immense pressures from their peers. Conformity is the alteration of a behavior due to the influence of others, regardless of if their presence is real or imagined. Conformity often occurs in groups, and because groups are a very common and important in college, it becomes a time in one’s l ife when pressure is extremely high. My group of girls are tightly

Professional and Legal Responsibilities of the Nurses †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Professional and Legal Responsibilities of the Nurses. Answer: Nurses are considered as large group of health service providers who are responsible for early interference and health promotion in their work with a view to improve the health status of the society. The nurses are obliged to respect the dignity, ethnicity, culture, beliefs and value of people who are receiving care and undergoing treatment. The patients share their personal information, which sometimes is not restricted to their health issues, with the belief that such information shall be treated as confidential and that their privacy shall be respected. Nurses are expected to preserve and promote the privilege and trust that forms the basis of the relationship between the nurses and the patients receiving care (Schneider and Whitehead 2013). This essay discusses about the professional and legal responsibilities of the nurses while they treat patients such as the aged, children and the women who have been subjected to various forms of violence or maltreatment. It discusses how the nurses and the midwives are required to exercise due care and diligence while dealing with the health issues of the patients but also exhibit sufficient ethical skills and knowledge to deal with any ethical issues that arises within their profession. In regards to elderly patients who are subjected to abuse in the aged care settings, such abuse includes any conduct that takes place within a relationship that had inherent trust or power imbalance that caused the harm to the aged person. The elderly are often subjected to abuse when there is lack of appropriate action or any repeated action that takes place regularly in a relationship where trust was expected which becomes the main reason for the harm caused to the elderly. Elder abuse may take place in the form of sexual, physical and financial abuse or it may result from unintentional or intentional neglect on part of the care providers (Foureur et al. 2013). The negligence that takes place within the aged care settings results from excessive workloads, inadequate number of care providers such as registered nurses, assistant nurses and enrolled nurses who are responsible for providing care to the aged persons. The nurses and the midwives are required to report about abuse of people in the aged care settings is stipulated under section 63-1AA of the Aged care Act 2007 which was introduced by the Australian Government. According to section 63-1AA, elderly abuse may be defined as unlawful sexual conduct with any resident residing in an aged care home. Any form of unreasonable use of force applied on a resident of an aged care home shall also refer to an abuse caused against an elderly person. The statute requires that the approved care providers such as the registered, enrolled nurses of the residential aged care must report about any form of suspicion or allegation of a reportable assault to both the department and the police. The report should be made within 24 hours when the allegation was made or from the time when the care provider begins to suspect the assault or is of the opinion that some assault has taken place (Foureur et al. 2013). The residential aged care providers must ensure that the identity of the person reporting of the assault is concealed to safeguard them from being victimized. The Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation (ANMF) stipulates that all registered and enrolled nurses are bound by their code of professional and ethical conduct to ensure that the aged persons are no subjected to any form of abuses or maltreatment. The Australian Government authority shall fund the authority before which reports of abusive conduct is made for enabling the authority to conduct immediate and effective investigation (Nursing and Federation 2014). The nurses and the midwives in Australia encounter children who are subjected to abuse and neglect as well as other forms of ill-treatment that affects the health of the children and its development. The children may be subjected to physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, negligent and exploitation. According to section, 356 of the Children and Young People Act 2008 (ACT) a child or young person who has experienced sexual abuse or any physical injury that has not resulted from any accident must notify about the same to a nurse or a midwife. It is essential for the nurses and the midwives to recognize the vulnerable position of the children and ensure to safeguard their position. This is because, the nurses and the midwives owe a duty of care towards the children, young adults and the adolescents and their families for reporting about any suspected neglect or abuse. They are also under statutory obligation for making mandatory reporting under the relevant Territory or state law s regarding any suspected child neglect or abuse. The nurses and midwives are required to monitor any form of child neglect or abuse, in the hospitals and the health care facilities, where children are kept or assisted. The state government is required to keep the hospitals and the healthcare facilities under strict surveillance to inspect whether the children and the young persons are being subjected to any form of abuse or neglect or whether the nurses and the midwives are complying with the mandatory reporting provisions with respect to the children (Nursing and Federation 2015). The territory and the state legislations must incorporate statutory provisions that require the proper checking of the history of the nurses, midwives, the care providers who work for the children and the expenses incurred for implementing such checks, and control shall be borne by the employer of the organizations. Nurses and midwives are responsible for ensuring that the patients receiving care are provided with appropriate care necessary for them. Despite the responsibility of the nurses to provide care to the patients and given the level of trust that, the patients expect from the nurses, most of the nurses hesitate to deal with patient who have been subjected to domestic violence. Nurses play a significant role to play in community and hospital settings, which is to provide necessary assistance to women and children who are victims of domestic violence. It is evident that domestic violence have an adverse impact upon the health of the women and the children and that women and their children seek health related services from nurses regarding health concerns with respect to the violence or abuse faced by them. Since violence is a serious aspect of the intimate relationship of women and their children suffer the health consequences, hence, the nurses are required to play an important role to make an early intervention in the domestic violence to prevent further occurrence of domestic violence (Verrall et al. 2015). The term domestic violence is interchangeably used with the term intimate partner violence and such violence can take place in the form of psychological, emotional, physical, sexual and economic abuse. Majority of women do not open up about the domestic violence they are subjected to due to the fear of their safety or for the sake of safety of their children and family. The other factors include their love for their partners, shame and embarrassment, fear of isolation, societal stress, dependence on the ability of other people to help them. While examining any women patient who refuses to disclose about the domestic violence that they have been subjected to, the nurses must be careful about the physical signs of injuries, which might indicate that the women had been subjected to domestic violence. These injuries include bruising in the abdomen and chest; minor lacerations, signs of repeated injury. The patient may also say that she is experiencing anxiety, depressions, abdominal pain, vaginal discharge, joint and muscle pain, etc. The response of the nurses and the midwives to these women under such circumstance may have a profound effect on the readiness of the women to talk about the domestic violence that she is subjected to by her partner or any other family member (Verrall et al. 2015).. Under such circumstances, the nurses and the midwives must patiently listen to them and support her assuring that she does not deserve this kind of behavior. They must emphasize on the fact that such domestic violence is completely unacceptable. According to the Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, domestic violence is considered as a criminal conduct that damages the psychological and physical health, future and well-being of the victims. The nurses and the midwives are required to be provided with adequate trainings regarding domestic violence and the ways of dealing with the patients who have been subjected to domestic violence. An empowerment intervention model is necessary under such circumstances that would focus mainly on the fundamental need for preventing domestic violence and ensuring safety and protection of the victim of domestic violence. Such intervention includes legal intervention, medical interventions that not only prevents further occurrence of domestic violence but also aims at addressing the ethical and cultural issues that arises from the circumstances. They must engage themselves. The nurses and the midwives are required to be engaged in development and implementation of protocols and policies that develops strategies for people suffering from domestic violence (Foureur et al. 2013). In order to ensure safety of the women and her children, the nurses and midwives must converse with them separately about whether they need a safety place to reside; whether she requires future safety, etc. It is important to make an emergency plan regarding the safety of the women and her children. From the above discussion, it can be inferred that nurses play a significant role in treating the patients that have been subjected to harms, neglect or abuse. In order to deal with such patients, it is important that the nurses and the midwives are provided with adequate training and knowledge about the various forms of violence and harms that are caused to the victims. The nurses and the midwives are under statutory obligation to provide honest, impartial, accurate and honest information with respect to the nursing and health care services and product. They are responsible for maintaining and building communitys trust and confidence within the nursing profession. Since they are responsible for providing healthcare care services to the community, they must ensure that the safety of the people who are under their care. The nurses are not only required to exercise care for the patients but also extend their care towards their children and their families (Foureur et al. 2013). They are required to comply with the professional standard of practice relating to the quality and safety in health care and their accountability for a safe health system. These include health documentation, incident reporting and participation in adverse event analysis and in the formal open disclosure. The nurses are conferred with the primary responsibility to provide safe and appropriate nursing care be it for the aged persons, children and patients being subjected to domestic violence. They must exercise such care in compliance with their professional standard and any circumstances that hinder their compliance shall be informed to an appropriate person or authority. In case the matter remains unsolved and compromised with the health of the patient, the nurses must make necessary interventions to safeguard the patients owing to the trust that is inherent in the relationship between the nurses and the patients receiving care under them. References Foureur, M., Besley, K., Burton, G., Yu, N. and Crisp, J., 2013. Enhancing the resilience of nurses and midwives: Pilot of a mindfulnessbased program for increased health, sense of coherence and decreased depression, anxiety and stress.Contemporary nurse,45(1), pp.114-125. https://anf.org.au/documents/policies/PS_Compulsory_reporting.pdf https://anf.org.au/documents/policies/PS_Domestic_violence.pdf https://anmf.org.au/documents/policies/PS_Child_abuse_and_neglect.pdf Nursing, A. and Federation, M., 2014.National Practice Standards for Nurses in General Practice: Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation Standards Funded by the Australian Government Department of Health. Australian Nursing Midwifery Federation. Nursing, A. and Federation, M., 2015. National informatics standards for nurses and midwives.Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Federal Office. Schneider, Z. and Whitehead, D., 2013.Nursing and midwifery research: methods and appraisal for evidence-based practice. Elsevier Australia. section 63-1AA of the Aged care Act 2007 section, 356 of the Children and Young People Act 2008 (ACT) Verrall, C., Abery, E., Harvey, C., Henderson, J., Willis, E., Hamilton, P., Toffoli, L. and Blackman, I., 2015. Nurses and midwives perceptions of missed nursing careA South Australian study.Collegian,22(4), pp.413-420.

The Kung, Shoshone, and Mbuti Tribes Hunting and Essay Example For Students

The Kung, Shoshone, and Mbuti Tribes: Hunting and Essay Gathering SocietiesThe Kung, Shoshone, and Mbuti Tribes: Hunting and Gathering SocietiesAs in many societies different groups of people are connected by similartraits. People of hunting and gathering societies also share similar qualities. Although the Kung, Shoshone, and Mbuti live in unique environments they stillshare numerous common characteristics because of there life styles. The Kung San and Shoshone make critical decisions in similar ways. Thepeople of the Shoshone and Kung are much like a modern community in that theylive together but for the most part live separate lives. They come together tohunt, like we to work, but when the hunt is over they get paid, in the form ofmeat, and go home to their families. If they should choose to any group mayleave the whole at anytime. The Mbuti choose to live as a whole. They act asone family. All decisions are made by the community as a whole. If the groupcannot reach consensus on a problem then the group may split for that time butwill rejoin once the projects are completed. Unlike the Kung and Shoshone theMbuti stay together, for the most part, throughout the year and do not diffusewhen supplies become more plentiful. We will write a custom essay on The Kung, Shoshone, and Mbuti Tribes: Hunting and specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The two most important things a person needs is food and water. Manydifferent foods are consumed by the Mbuti. There diet consists of meats, fruits,berries, roots, fungus and insects. The Mbutis food supply is always plentiful,this is due to the habitat they live in and the small number of people livingoff of any given area. The Shoshone on the other hand live more like ascavengers because of their environment. Meat is rare, they tend to live offthe plant life in the forest. A large portion of the Shoshones diet is plantlife. The Kung have a fairly balanced diet of plants and animals but water is alimited resource. For the Kung the reason for moving is to stay where the wateris. In the dry season the Kung will all live in close quarters near thepermanent water holes. But as the rainy season comes they will be able tospread throughout the region. Foraging societies share three major traits. All of these societies sharethe work that must be done in the camp. They all live in camps, meaning theynever stay in an area for an extended amount of time. The Kung come back to thesame places but they dont stay there for very long periods of time. Finally,the people of these groups do not echo technologically driven societies, ratherthey depend upon the land and its many attributes. Although these societies have many differences they are connected by acommon trait. They are able to live off of themselves and the land. They donot need to trade with anyone for what they need. Foraging societies are theonly people alive that are truly independent. Social Issues